冬虫夏草(Caterpillar fungus)

作者: xincao 分类: 虫草知识 发布时间: 2021-04-17

冬虫夏草的中英文介绍(About Caterpillar fungus)
1、Cordyceps sinensis, also known as Chinese caterpillar fungus, or cordyceps is a parasitic fungus Cordyceps bat moth larvae in the body of the sub – Block and larval body complex. Ergot fungus belonging to orders, ergot fungus Branch, Cordyceps. As the name suggests, Chinese caterpillar fungus of course, is a worm in winter, while in summer it becomes a grass. Why amazing? It turned out that Cordyceps bat moth is a known animal, will be producing eggs in the ground to make it grow like silkworms hatched larvae in general. In addition, there is a spore, will go through water infiltration into the ground, seek out the parasitic bat moth larvae, and larvae of the body to absorb nutrition, and rapid reproduction, known as the Cordyceps fungi. When the hyphae grew slowly at the same time, the larvae have grown up with the slow, but drilled the ground. Until the mycelium to grow to a full of parasites, the larvae will die, this time exactly winter, that is, the so-called winter worm. When air temperatures rise, the mycelium will be the head slowly from the winter worm germination, grow grass like a normal child seat of fungi, known as summer grass. The head of the child seat in fungi contain ascus, ascus containing a spore. When the ascus mature, spores will be shed, once again looking for the bat moth larvae as hosts, this is the cycle of Cordyceps sinensis.

中文:冬虫夏草又称为虫草或冬虫草,是真菌冬虫夏草寄生於蝙蝠蛾幼虫体上的子座与幼虫尸体的复合物。属於麦角菌目、麦角菌科、虫草属。顾名思义,冬虫夏草当然冬天是虫,而夏天就变成草了。为什麼这麼神奇呢?原来,冬虫夏草是一种叫做蝙蝠蛾的动物,将虫卵产在地下,使其孵化成长得像蚕宝宝一般的幼虫。另外,有一种孢子,会经过水而渗透到地下,专门找蝙蝠蛾的幼虫寄生,并吸收幼虫体的营养,而快速繁殖,称为虫草真菌。当菌丝慢慢成长的同时,幼虫也随著慢慢长大,而钻出地面。直到菌丝繁殖至充满虫体,幼虫就会死亡,此时正好是冬天,就是所谓的冬虫。而当气温回升后,菌丝体就会从冬虫的头部慢慢萌发,长出像草一般的真菌子座,称为夏草。在真菌子座的头部含有子囊,子囊内藏有孢子。当子囊成熟时,孢子会散出,再次寻找蝙蝠蛾的幼虫作为寄主,这就是冬虫夏草的循环。

冬虫夏草的成分
虫草菌素:为一种与核酸有关的物质,具有抗生作用与抑制细胞分裂的作用。
冬虫夏草的效用:冬虫夏草有滋肺阴、补肾阳的作用,所以可以作为滋肺补肾、止血化痰、保肺、化痢、止痨嗽等调补的食品。

2、winter worm, summer grass, Cordyceps sinensis is a treasure. “Chinese caterpillar fungus called Cordyceps, Chinese caterpillar fungus parasitic fungi in winter moth larvae to the development made in summer. Cordyceps hence the name.
From the appearance point of view, Chinese caterpillar fungus parasites golden yellow, light yellow or yellow-brown, and also because the price is expensive and the “golden grass,” said. because of its high medicinal value, efficiency is good, at home and abroad are regarded as treasures, the market demand is strong, but the amount of its scarce natural resources, so the price is very expensive.
whether the worm or caterpillar fungus Grass? More simply, that is,  Vespertilionidae bat moths for many types of other offspring, spawning in the soil, after the eggs into larvae, previously, the Cordyceps fungus penetrated larvae absorb the material as the survival of larvae of the nutritional conditions, and the larvae continue to breeding, resulting in larvae filled with mycelium, in the coming year 5-7 when the weather gets warmer months, since the larvae grow yellow or light brown head and seat of the bacteria, the growth was out of the ground after the grass stalk-like, the result we usually see caterpillar fungus. Thus, although the shape of both insects and grass, but Non-insect non-grass and algae are bacteria.
Cordyceps sinensis is mainly distributed in China’s Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Gansu, about 4,000 meters above sea level at high altitude. professionals, according to the different origin are divided into Qinghai, grass, grass Tibet , Sichuan grass, Yunnan grass. There are also produced in Qinghai to Tibet, collectively known as the possession of Cordyceps sinensis. Generally speaking, Qinghai, Tibet, Cordyceps sinensis produced in the two places than in other parts of the intrinsic quality of a good, well received by the market welcomed the price of higher.
中文:冬天是虫,夏天是草,冬虫夏草是个宝。”冬虫夏草简称虫草,是冬季真菌寄生于虫草蛾幼虫体内,到了夏季发育而成。冬虫夏草因此得名。
从外形上看,冬虫夏草虫体呈金黄色、淡黄色或黄棕色,又因价格昂贵而有“黄金草”之称。因其药用价值高,功效好,在国内外被视为珍品,市场需求量大,但因其天然资源量稀少,故价格十分昂贵。
冬虫夏草究竟是虫还是草?通俗地讲,就是蝙蝠科许多种别的蝙蝠蛾为繁衍后代,产卵于土壤中,卵之后转变为幼虫,在此前后,冬虫夏草菌侵入幼虫体内,吸收幼虫体内的物质作为生存的营养条件,并在幼虫体内不断繁殖,致使幼虫体内充满菌丝,在来年的5-7月天气转暖时,自幼虫头部长出黄或浅褐色的菌座,生长后冒出地面呈草梗状,就形成我们平时见到的冬虫夏草。因此,虽然兼有虫和草的外形,却非虫非草,属于菌藻类生物。
冬虫夏草主要分布在我国青海、西藏、四川、云南、贵州、甘肃海拔4000米左右的高海拔地区。专业人士根据产地的不同又分为青海草、藏草、川草、滇草等。也有把产自青海、西藏的统称为藏冬虫夏草。一般来讲,青海、西藏两地出产的冬虫夏草内在品质要比其他地方的好,很受市场欢迎,售价也较高。
3、caterpillar fungus (Cordyceps sinensis) expensive Chinese herbal medicine, referred to as “Chinese caterpillar fungus.” Cordyceps fungus (see ergot Section), the parasitic larvae of moths in the bat. Were parasitized larvae overwinter in the frozen soil layer below, known as winter worm. Winter bug due to the progressive development of fungal hyphae into the body and the dead. In summer, ministers from the dead larvae out of a handle head and neck, and slender Rod child seat, child seat out soil, the grass seemed to be known as the summer grass. Dead larvae and fungi collectively known as the sub-blocks
Cordyceps Cordyceps sinensis in China, 26 species, 24 species are known to be parasitic insects. Host insects, including Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Isoptera, Orthoptera and spiders, to parasitic Cordyceps bat moth larvae in the Lepidoptera, the most valuable. Larvae host plants Polygonum viviparum underground stem. Born in grasslands over the ground. Produced in China, Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, Qinghai and Tibet provinces.
according to the origin of different Cordyceps can be divided into: ① furnace grass, are grown in western Sichuan, where the Batang and pond area, in order to Kangding (Tachienlu) as a cargo distribution; ② Yunnan grass, grown in southern Sichuan, western Yunnan area, to Kunming as a distribution center; ③ shrub-grass, are grown in Sichuan Songpan area in order to Guanxian the distribution center.
early as the 18th century, China has to do with the Chinese caterpillar fungus medicine, in order to dry the child seat and parasite medicine, sexually warm, sweet, there are Bufei Yishen complement the essence of phlegm to stop bleeding and other functions, attending Consumption From Hemoptysis , impotence nocturnal emission, waist and knee pain.
中文:冬虫夏草(Cordyceps sinensis)名贵的中草药,简称“虫草”。虫草属真菌(见麦角科),寄生在蝙蝠蛾幼虫体内。被寄生的幼虫在冻土层以下越冬,称为冬虫。冬虫因真菌菌丝逐渐发展到全身而僵死。到了夏季,从僵死幼虫的头颈部长出有柄的、细长的棒形子座,子座伸出土外,状似小草,称为夏草。僵死的幼虫与真菌的子座合称冬虫夏草
虫草属真菌在中国有26种,已知24种能寄生在昆虫体内。寄主昆虫包括鞘翅目、鳞翅目、同翅目、半翅目、膜翅目、双翅目、等翅目、直翅目和蜘蛛,以寄生在鳞翅目虫草蝠蛾幼虫的最为名贵。幼虫的寄主植物为珠芽蓼的地下茎。多生于草原地上。产于中国四川、云南、甘肃、青海、西藏等省区。
根据虫草产地的不同,可分为:①炉草,产在四川西部的巴塘和里塘一带,以康定(打箭炉)为货物集散地;②滇草,产在川南、滇西一带,以昆明为集散地;③灌草,产在四川松潘一带,以灌县为集散地。
早在18世纪中国就已用虫草做药材,以干燥的子座和虫体入药,性温,味甘,有补肺益肾、补精髓、止血化痰等功能,主治虚劳咳血,阳痿遗精,腰膝酸痛。

 

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